make和do的用法区别

文/鏉庡潖
专题:

make sb.do sth.(使/让/叫某人做某事)。在主动语态里面,只能使用省略to的动词不定式(原形)作宾语补足语。但是,在被动结构中,要加上不定式符号to,即要使用带to不定式作宾补,其结构是“sb.be made to do sth.”。

make用法

1、用作使役动词,表示“使”,后接不定式的复合结构作宾语时,不定式不能带 to;但是,若make为被动语态,则不定式必须带to。

如:

Though he had often made his little sister cry,today he was made to cry by his little sister.

虽然他曾经常把他小妹妹弄哭,但今天他被他小妹妹弄哭了。

注意,若make不表示“使”,而表示其他意思则情况不同。

比如下面两句,make后的不定式不是宾语补足语,而是目的状语:

We make candles to give light. 我们做蜡烛照明。

He made a box to put his money in. 他做了个盒子来装钱。

2、其后除可接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语外,还可以接以下成分:

(1)接过去分词作宾语补足语。

如:

He tried to make his ideas known.

他设法让别人知道他的想法。

She had to shout to make herself heard.

她必须大声喊才能让人听见她说话。

(2)注意,其后通常不接现在分词作宾语补足语。

如:

他让司机在外面等他。

误:He made the driver waiting for him outside.

正:He had the driver waiting for him outside.

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