动词变名词,通常加ing,叫做动名词,表示"……这件事"。有的动词变名词要加名词后缀,不同后缀,意思不同。比如teach,teacher;act,actor。有些动词变内部字母,比如advise,advice。
一:动词后加or或er变成对应的人,如conduct—conductor ,cook—cooker,drive—driver , edit—editor;
二:动词后加ment,如achieve—achievement, adjust—adjustment , advertise—advisement ,agree—agreement;
三:动词后加tion,如adapt—adaptation,affect—affection,attract—attraction;
四:动词后加sion,如admit –-admission,conclude—conclusion,decide—decision;
五:动词后加-ance/-ence,如allow—allowance,aear—aearance,assist—assistance;
六:动词后加-al,如arrive—arrival,survive—survival;
七:动词后加ing,这个例子多得没法数了。
1.词形不变,词性改变。例如:work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词,也可以用作名词。
2. 一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示“某一类人”的名词。例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner, visit—visitor, invent—inventor等。
注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r。例如:drive—driver, write—writer等。
2)以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er。例如:run—runner, win—winner, begin—beginner等。
3. 在动词词尾加-ing变成名词(方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同)。例如: meet—meeting, build—building, wait—waiting, wash—washing, swim—swimming, shop—shopping, begin—beginning等。
1.一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing (现在进行时)work ---- working study ----- studying
2.动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing take ----- taking make ----- making
3.重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing cut ----- cutting put begin
4.以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-ing lie ----- lying tie ----- tying die ----- dying